And if all banks got together to change their pricing practices, that would look like collusion.
Observers have long noted that hospital pricing practices are both opaque and inscrutable.
Congress has investigated the company's pricing practices, and shares are down 20%.
Edelman has filed multiple complaints with the Department of Transportation regarding the pricing practices of American Airlines, British Airways, and Cathy Pacific.
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Federal prosecutors in Boston are investigating Schering-Plough's (nyse: SGP - news - people) pricing practices as part of a probe of the pharmaceutical industry.
Schering-Plough faces legal investigations into its disclosure and pricing practices, a dismal relationship with the Food and Drug Administration and cutthroat competition on its best-selling drug, a treatment for hepatitis C called Peg-Intron.
As if the attentions of one competition watchdog were not enough, the Office of Fair Trading, too, has two big investigations pending into supermarkets' pricing practices one on milk and other dairy products, the other on tobacco.
While the potential for true healthcare reform may now lie in the private sector, Christensen and others note that there are still many government-based regulations and pricing practices that will need to be changed for this to happen.
The NUS president, who has always championed partnership working in the past, said there would be a "desperate need" for a new universities' "watchdog", with powers to refer university pricing practices to the Office for Fair Trading or the Monopolies Commission and to monitor the accuracy of prospectuses.
Second, the data could also be used by third parties advocating for change among hospital pricing and billing practices.
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Gemfields's efforts come amid other attempts by investors to bring more modern practices to the industry, including making pricing data more widely available and improving grading and tracking practices so that consumers can get a better idea of what their stones are worth and where they came from.
"We are not getting the revenues we deserve often because of either corrupt practices, transfer pricing, tax evasion and all sorts of activities that deprive us of our due, " Mr Annan told the BBC's Newsday programme.
On a similar note, according to a study of male and female veterinarians who own their own practices (and thus have pricing decision authority), the women charged less than their male counterparts for the same procedure.
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These practices help explain why such a broad range of pricing exists for similar accounts.
Little is known about their pricing, but allegations surface from time to time about oligopolistic practices.
The list of 38 management practices misses two areas where I see lots of opportunities: sales and pricing.
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