Opponents of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 say the pre-clearance requirement has outlived its usefulness.
Attorneys for Shelby County argued that the pre-clearance requirement is outdated in a state where one-fourth of the Legislature is black.
That might allow pre-clearance centres for goods, sited away from the border.
The Justice Department will defend continuing use of the pre-clearance provision in oral arguments, but the NAACP has led the charge to raise public awareness of the case.
Those who want the Supreme Court to overturn the Voting Rights Act's pre-clearance requirements can point to these surveys to show that the racial gap in voting has dramatically diminished, and has arguably disappeared.
Shumlin, after meeting with Marois on Monday in Montreal, said a major impediment to improved rail communication remains the pre-clearance of passengers and cargo by customs officials from both countries when crossing the border.
"The challenge is to get final approval of our pre-clearance so we can start moving cargo and passengers by rail, " Shumlin said, but it's up to the federal governments in both countries to smooth the border crossings.
And there is no really -Ed, looking at when this pre-clearance can stop, when you have to be running to the Department of Justice every time you want to do a change in your city or county or state.
Now, as far as states being under pre-clearance, what that means is that if you move your precinct voting place from a Baptist church to a Methodist church, then you have to get the Department of Justice to approve that.
Holder, that tests the constitutionality of Section 5 of the Voting Rights Act, which requires state and local governments, primarily in the Deep South, with a history of discrimination to obtain "pre-clearance" from the Justice Department before making any changes affecting voting.
CNN: 48 years after MLK march, voting rights still vulnerable
And then, also, some of the things that have happened in past elections such as the Hanging chads in a district that was not covered by pre-clearance, some things that have happened in Wisconsin that have not been covered under pre-clearance, Missouri, give them an opportunity to come into this system and have some of the positive results that happened in the South.
Recently, Cepheid got 510(k) clearance from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (a pre-marketing submission to demonstrate that the device to be marketed is safe and effective) for GeneXpert to work on Group B Streptococcus.
The FDA clearance specifies that RP-VITA can be used for active patient monitoring in pre-operative, peri-operative and post-surgical settings, including cardiovascular, neurological, prenatal, psychological and critical care assessments and examinations.
ENGADGET: FDA approves iRobot RP-VITA telepresence robot for use in hospitals
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