It is expected to produce a contraction of the native European population of between 100 and 150 million - a loss of one-third - by 2050.

CENTERFORSECURITYPOLICY: Farewell to Europe

Given that people who move to Russia tend to be of working age, the working age population has stabilized in contrast to earlier expectations of a rapid contraction in the labor force.

FORBES: Russian Demographics Improving As Foreigners Move In

With a declining population and little incentive to commercial investment, Ascension is in a period of contraction.

ECONOMIST: Day five: The many greenings of Ascension