Chlorine's largest use is as an ingredient in polyvinyl chloride, PVC being almost as popular a plastic as polyethylene.

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The principal product is polyvinyl chloride resin, which is supplied to downstream subsidiaries to manufacture and market end-user industrial and consumer products.

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For example, Apple led the industry in removing harmful toxins such as brominated flame retardants (BFRs) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC).

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Greenpeace wants to see companies eliminate the use of hazardous substances such as polyvinyl chloride, brominated flame retardants, antimony, beryllium, and phthalates.

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Among those: eliminating polyvinyl chloride and brominated flame retardants from all its products by 2009, and removing mercury and arsenic from its products' displays.

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Antidumping duties on magnesium, polyvinyl chloride, and hot-rolled steel, for example, may please upstream, petitioning domestic producers, who can subsequently raise their prices and reap greater profits.

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It specializes in polyethylene, polypropylene and polyvinyl chloride.

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Antidumping duties on magnesium, polyvinyl chloride, and hot-rolled steel, for example, enable petitioning U.S. companies that often dominate domestic supply of raw materials to foreclose alternative sources and then thrust higher prices on their U.S. customers.

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Yet troubles loom: The housing downturn has cut demand for chemical-rich building products like polyvinyl chloride pipe, private equity firms are no longer buying chemical companies at rich multiples, and Mideast oil-exporting nations are investing billions in their own new chemical plants.

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