Together they cover the spectrum of marine science, marine conservation and pollution regulation.
These arguments center largely around the idea that current air pollution regulation is good enough as-is, and that any further restrictions are aimed at tackling environmental issues and climate change, both typically seen as luxuries in a down economy.
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The debate over air pollution and, more specifically, the regulation of air pollution, raged on this week as the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) watered down its cross-state pollution rule and House Republicans moved to delay new rules on toxic air pollution from cement plants, solid waste incinerators, and industrial boilers.
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Increasingly, health research seems to be pointing to a need for stricter regulation of air pollution.
FORBES: Two New Reasons to Worry about Air Pollution: Obesity and Diabetes
When viewed through the public health lens, the economic arguments against regulation of air pollution begin to unravel, particularly in the face of rising healthcare costs.
FORBES: Two New Reasons to Worry about Air Pollution: Obesity and Diabetes
In 2008 the EPA issued the cross-state air pollution rule to revise a 2005 regulation that had also been challenged in court.
It will streamline and simplify both the legislative framework and the Scottish Environment Protection Agency's regulation of activities which cause pollution at a local and national level.
After suffering a punishing year because of low natural gas prices, the wind power industry is keeping close watch on the prospect that water pollution from hydraulic fracturing may lead to regulation of shale gas drilling.
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In September, the agency formally proposed that pollution from motors vehicles come under the EPA's regulation.
So is re-regulation of the banks, enhanced taxation of resources and pollution and measures to discourage manic consumption, such as tighter restrictions on advertising.
Secondly it should be used as a substitute for complicated regulation and applied against areas that cost society, such as pollution and (because it creates instability) the use of short-term debt by banks.
"With proper regulation and enforcement, gas provides a very substantial health benefit in reducing air pollution, " compared with coal-fired power plants, said Daniel Schrag, director of Harvard University's Center for the Environment.
These companies, and some unions that see the rules as a potential economic catalyst, say that the industry has had years to prepare for tougher regulation and that the rules will generate jobs for workers who make, install or operate pollution control equipment.
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