The researchers concentrated on two areas of the brain, the hippocampus and the frontal cortex, areas where plaque formation occurs in humans.

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Beta amyloid forms sticky plaques in the brains of Alzheimer's patients and many scientists suspect that slowing plaque formation could slow the disease.

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Professor Holtzman said the result implied that apoE and clusterin worked together to suppress plaque formation by clearing amyloid protein from the brain tissue and surrounding fluid.

BBC: NEWS | Health | Proteins 'hold Alzheimer's key'

Certain compounds called methoxyphenols inhibit both the amyloid plaque and non-amyloid plaque routes to peroxynitrite formation.

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In 1979 pathologist Ross Gerrity showed that in pigs one of the first steps in the formation of artery plaque occurs when macrophages travel into the artery and gobble up cholesterol inside, forming fatty deposits.

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