"The pain had to be extreme, equivalent to serious physical injury or organ failure, " the memo goes on to say.

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Some of the downsides were physical danger, mission-failure and large-scale bureaucratic fights.

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There are reasons why failure to deliver can be legitimate, such as glitches in transferring physical certificates, and the DTCC says most of the time the trades are resolved within ten days.

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Failure is a necessary part of the innovation process because from failure comes learning, iteration, adaptation, and the building of new conceptual and physical models through an iterative learning process.

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