Platinum: As a primarily industrial metal, platinum plays the role of catalyst in the processing of petroleum and chemicals such as nitric acid, fertilizers and synthetic fibers.

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Industrial activity is predominantly in food processing, chemicals, petroleum refining, and electrical machinery.

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In 1995 the federal government decreed so-called Order 58-R, which set the volume of oil exports and obligated the Moscow Oil Refinery to build a factory for processing polypropylene-based chemicals, financed by petroleum revenues over a ten-year period.

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