With the loss of their land, the Penan fear they will lose their independence.
BBC: The tribe saving Borneo's forests
Today only a handful of the 10, 000 to 12, 000 remaining Penan are genuinely nomadic, with the majority living in villages.
Unga, a Penan tribesman, told me that the logging companies were "destroying the way of the Penans' life".
BBC: News - Today - Borneo tribe fights for survival
And he said that the Penan would use blockades, blow-pipes and machetes to defend their culture, adding "we believe we can win".
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