But no matter what the payment details are, every type of financial instrument is a promise, a promise of payment in the future, and so every single one of them presents an important question: How do I compare the value of money invested now, with money which I expect to receive in the future?

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Over-payment fraud, the victim receives an invalid monetary instrument with instructions to deposit it in a bank account and send excess funds or a percentage of the deposited money back to the sender.

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