Production was halted 14 months ago over a disagreement about how much South Sudan should pay to export its oil through Sudanese pipelines.

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The South shut down its own production a year ago as part of a row with Khartoum about how much it should pay to export its oil through Sudan.

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South Sudan took with it nearly three-quarters of Sudan's oil production when it declared independence and the two sides fell out over how much the South should pay to export its oil through Sudanese pipelines.

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Now it has to pay 9% export tax in two provinces, a prelude, thinks Mr Shotoku, for the tax being levied by other provincial governments too.

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In the meantime, the UN does allow Iraq to export oil to pay for imports of food and medicine (an arrangement known as oil-for-food), although it keeps control of the finances.

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To pay for imports it must export.

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Fund manager says investing in agriculture export is bound to pay off in the long run.

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We export in order to pay for our imports even though that is hard to see since importers and exporters tend to be different people with different motivations.

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But in a world where we have only 4 percent of the population, and where the fastest growing markets for our products and services are Asia and Latin America, where export-related jobs pay 13 to 16 percent more than other American jobs, we don't have a choice.

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We import things we want that we can get more affordably than when producing them at home, and export things in order to pay for those imports.

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Export controls also prompted the European Space Agency to pay to develop a European supplier of solenoid valves, so that European space-propulsion systems do not depend on this American part.

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Still, even with those export sales, government wind subsidies cause Danish customers to pay the highest electricity rates in Europe.

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They have never agreed on the transit fees that Juba should pay Khartoum for pumping oil through its pipelines and using Sudan's oil export infrastructure.

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The Baltic states pay cash on the nail for their gas, and offer the Russian oil industry its most efficient export routes.

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