Over the past 120 years, the sport has seen a pattern of innovation, imitation and improvement.

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Mr Bresnahan argues, on the contrary, that this pattern of innovation is going to persist.

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The form of leadership that holds most potential is a twist on the pattern described by Eric Von Hippel in his research on User-driven Innovation.

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It was he who coined the procurement mantra FIST (Fast, Inexpensive, Simple and Tiny) to "describe a particular pattern of decision making in procurement that aims to support rapid, low cost innovation".

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