The two organizations work like a massive corporate conglomerate and have major control over the export-import components of both the official and the unofficial economy.
Over the past few years, state-owned financial institutions, mainly the Export-Import Bank of China and the China Development Bank, have extended tens of billions of dollars to Brazil, Russia and Kazakhstan, among other countries.
Though the WTO has for the most part focused on reducing import restrictions, over the last decade there has been a growth in the use of unilateral export restrictions.