The looser the regulation of immigration, the better the national output statistics seem to be.

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E. you read a simple input csv, split it into training and test set, run a simple algorithm with readily-tuneable or explorable hyperparameters, and a simple output of relevant statistics.

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Office for National Statistics data showed that manufacturing output fell by 0.5% in March, the sharpest rate of decline in six months.

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Another thing we supposedly knew about this recovery was that it has been relatively weak: if the official statistics are right, our national output has only risen by 2% since the last three months of 2009.

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The country's deficit last year stood at 15.4% of its annual economic output, said Eurostat, the European Union's statistics office.

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But, as the PMI's manufacturing numbers confirm, the picture painted by these private surveys is a good deal stronger than that shown so far by the Office for National Statistics, which highlighted an alarming 1% fall in official manufacturing output in February.

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It is quite possible that the economy is stronger than the official statistics suggest: in fact, we already know that construction and industrial output were stronger in June than the ONS expected when they came up with their first estimate for the change in GDP in the second quarter.

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Construction output rose by 0.9% in the fourth quarter, the Office for National Statistics (ONS) said.

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Output rose by 0.3% in January from December, the Office for National Statistics said.

BBC: UK services sector grew in January

The Office for National Statistics, which produces the figures, did not have access to the industrial output, which includes energy production and mining, when it made its initial second-quarter GDP estimate.

BBC: Industrial output data falls by less than expected

The French national statistics institute, Insee, also said that in the three months to February, industrial output was just 0.1% lower than in the previous quarter, although the manufacturing sector showed a bigger decline of 0.3%.

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Output rose by 8.9% from a year earlier, data released by the National Bureau of Statistics over the weekend showed.

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