It is significant, for instance, that in Jordan, Mr Zarqawi's tribe has publicly ostracised him.
They are also rendered destitute if, as often happens, they are ostracised by their families and communities.
But Mr Bogle has landed so many punches on his own industry that he is now ostracised.
Libya, long ostracised for its links to terrorism, abandoned its secret nuclear programme.
Bookshops refused to stock it, and he was ostracised for most of the 1950s and forced to work under pseudonyms.
Many do not even report an assault because of the fear they will be ostracised by their family and community.
The Cape's 400, 000 Muslims, who are mainly Coloured or Indian, have long felt ostracised from the country's fervently Christian mainstream.
Girls from Pakistani, Indian and Bangladeshi backgrounds are reluctant to come forward for fear of being alienated or ostracised by their communities.
Tshering is glad that as a divorced mother she is not ostracised.
After all, until this week Mr Jospin, with his Protestant instinct for cleaner politics, had studiously ostracised politicians from the manipulative Mitterrand era.
Mr McCarthy said he had been ostracised from parts of the local community and wanted an apology for the way he has been treated.
The last time any Republican legislators went back on their word and voted for a tax rise, in 2008, they were ostracised by their party.
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Girls who report it are met with disbelief, and often ostracised.
People ostracised in their own villages come here to take a dip and then they can take back the certificate to prove themselves free of sin.
His opposition to the building ban, Mr Atrianfar suggests, may be motivated by a desire to avenge himself on Mr Khatami's supporters in the council, who have ostracised him.
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In the Netherlands, a Turkish-born Islamist, Haci Karacaer, tried to build bridges with the leftists (and gay-rights advocates) of the Dutch Labour party, only to be ostracised by fellow Muslims.
Mr Khatami was elected, by a landslide 70% of voters, because he was thought to be the man who would shepherd a liberalised Iran back from the world's ostracised fringe.
Passive smoking was almost unheard of 15 years ago - all of a sudden the media whip up a frenzy and smokers are ostracised and portrayed (on TV and in the paper) as killers?
Executives have been shamed and smokers ostracised.
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