"People tend to avoid Olympic cities the year of the event, thinking it will be too crowded, " Hatch says.
The latest cut suggests that, unlike some other Olympic cities, which have profited greatly from staging the games, Sydney may not do as well.
And Category Three infrastructure items, despite their cost, generally bring lasting benefits to Olympic cities that are usually in need of road and transportation upgrades anyway.
There is little data on the economic impact on Olympic cities, but Mr Baade studied what the 1994 soccer World Cup did to its nine American host cities.
Despite lofty ambitions, Olympic host cities often have seen disappointing economic-development results from the Summer Games.
The city was ranked down in fourth when the International Olympic Committee examined the five candidate cities' plans last May.
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Olympic budgets submitted by prospective host cities fall into three categories.
Chicago was chosen to bid for the Games two years ago by the US Olympic Committee ahead of four other US cities.
Cheesman cited Atlanta as being one of the few cities to have put an Olympic stadium to good use by making it Turner Field, home the Atlanta Braves.
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His remarks prompted fears Tokyo's bid could have broken International Olympic Committee (IOC) rules which prevent candidate cities commenting on their rivals.
This morning's Olympic news has revived the rivalry between two great cities, London and Paris, as if that rivalry needed any help.
There have been a number of tensions between the cities ahead of the decision next July, even though the International Olympic Committee has strict rules to regulate conduct.
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When the Olympic flame is ignited at the Olympic Stadium on July 27, it will have traveled through over 1, 000 cities, towns and villages in the United Kingdom.
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But the massive cleanup effort for the Olympic Games has come at a cost to the local economy of some nearby industrial cities, whose factories have been forced to close down temporarily.
Consider this: There are more Olympic athletes, baseball players on Major League rosters, professional symphony musicians in large cities and doctors who perform organ transplants than there are members of The Forbes 400.
That is one question the International Olympic Committee might want to ponder before July 12, when it is to decide which of five cities - Osaka, Paris, Toronto, Beijing, or Istanbul - will host the 2008 Games.
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Besides creating a more attractive destination for businesses and tourists, the citywide network may also help convince U.S. Olympic Committee officials to choose Philadelphia as the country's representative to battle it out with other international cities seeking to host the 2016 Games.
"We can see a shift in the bidding to countries and to cities that can afford these Games, " said Janice Forsyth, director of the International Centre for Olympic Studies at the University of Western Ontario.
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