According to the World Policy Institute, coal-and-oil-fired power plants consume roughly twice the water than that of gas-fired facilities while nuclear generation needs three times that of natural gas.
FORBES: Water Shortages May Leave Energy Producers Dying of Thirst
Until recently, oil and gas produced from deep-water fields have been brought to the surface and transported to onshore processing facilities.
FORBES: World's First Subsea Smart Grid Changes Offshore Oil and Gas Game
Altela provides on-site water desalination to mining and oil and gas companies.
Investors have filed hundreds of water-related shareholder resolutions, filed primarily with oil and gas, electric power, and food and beverage companies.
For example, some 1, 000 barrels of crude oil, water and gas mixture poured onto the tundra after a 2-foot gash formed in a pipeline in November 2009.
Shallow-water wells, he said, usually produce gas, not oil, lessening the chance of a spill.
Specially formulated lubricants are used in fracking, which involves pumping water, fine sand and fracking fluids underground to split open oil- and gas-bearing rocks.
Environmentalists strongly oppose shale-gas extraction due to fears that fracking may contaminate water supplies, the oil-sands industry because it is energy-intensive and dirty, and deep-water drilling because of the risk of oil spills like last year's Gulf of Mexico disaster.
WSJ: Big Oil Companies Are Shifting Their Focus Back to the West
Hydraulic fracturing, or fracking, pumps millions of gallons of water mixed with fine sand and chemicals deep into oil and gas wells to crack gas-bearing rock.
Fracking uses high-pressure mixtures of water, sand or gravel and chemicals to crack rock formations and release oil and natural gas deep underground.
Australian Oil and Gas pumps oil in Libya, while logistics firm Korea Express is taking over a large-scale water project in the North African country.
He pointed to the shale-gas revolution in the U.S., along with deep-water and heavy oil, as examples of how Mexico can benefit from new technologies that boost energy output, lower prices and create jobs.
Online, America's aching Achilles' heel is the wide-open automated control systems that run the nation's networks for electricity, water, gas, oil and more.
At the other end of the spectrum, two-thirds of the companies in food processing, government services, farming or agriculture, health care and education, and half of the companies in chemical processing or manufacturing, construction, the oil industry, power, gas and water utilities, and the legal industry are expected to have one major mission-critical failure owing to year-2000 problems.
CNN: Gartner's year-2000 survey finds widespread disruptions likely
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