Some, especially in oil-producing areas, control bigger budgets than those of national governments in some neighbouring West African countries.
State oil companies control three-quarters of the world's crude oil reserves.
The purchase of TNK-BP gives the Russian government control of roughly one-third of oil production in Russia.
FORBES: From Russia With Love: BP Draws Closer To Kremlin With $30B Sale of TNK-BP Stake
In particular, the Kurds want control of the oil-producing region of Kirkuk.
PAS. It has long held power in the northern state of Kelantan but in the election it also won control of neighbouring oil-rich Terengganu.
The Movement for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta (MEND), the main rebel group fighting for political autonomy and local resource control in the oil-producing Niger Delta region, has called off its unilateral ceasefire, just weeks after announcing the move.
ECONOMIST: A big rebel group in the Niger Delta calls off its ceasefire
The Kremlin is re-establishing control over the oil industry and other key economic sectors.
This is not an environment conducive to the kind of quick decision-making necessary to control oil prices.
In 2005 county officials struck a deal with Yanchang, the regional state-owned oil company, to assume control of the wells.
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Last Friday, the Security Council voted unanimously to restart the oil-for-food programme under the control of the UN's secretary-general, Kofi Annan, for 45 days.
In recent weeks, he has been mediating in the dispute triggered by the government's attempt to take greater control of security in oil-rich territory around the city of Kirkuk, which is claimed by both Arabs and Kurds.
In the meantime, the UN does allow Iraq to export oil to pay for imports of food and medicine (an arrangement known as oil-for-food), although it keeps control of the finances.
To be sure, Obama has been battered by a series of struggles, starting with the economy, but including a series of events that were at least initially beyond his control -- from the Gulf oil disaster to a Republican minority that by any objective standard has tried to block him at every single turn -- and dragged down his approval ratings.
The crude oil bulls and bears are struggling for near-term technical control, with neither gaining much headway.
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In addition, the battle for control of Kirkuk, a city in an oil-rich region, must still be resolved.
In the case of oil-for-food, the Security Council tried to keep control through a sanctions committee of national diplomats.
However, it is surely over-stating the case to argue that it is only post-negotiation that such issues as the control of oil and the organisation of defence would or could be determined.
Under Wood Dana would build three things: drivelines (which transfer power from the transmission to the axles), sealing systems (which reduce oil consumption and emissions) and thermal-management systems (which control temperatures in batteries and other components).
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The most obvious is quality control: the market is infested with snake-oil salesmen, and they are harder to spot from half a world away.
Just days after the American election, the Canadian prime minister proposed a continental cap-and-trade system to control carbon emissions something the oil industry in Canada adamantly opposed.
Last year, for similar reasons, they took control of Barrancabermeja, an oil city, after months of block-by-block combat with guerrillas.
Petrobras: The Brazilian government control 60 percent of the Rio de Janeiro-based Petrobras Oil Company and has a final say in its investment decisions.
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The other was told to eat 30 grams of nuts (walnuts, almonds and hazelnuts) every day. (The participants were given the olive oil and nuts.) The control group was told to follow a low-fat diet consisting of fruits, vegetables, low-fat dairy products, bread, pasta and fish.
WSJ: Mediterranean Diet of Olive Oil, Nuts, Reduces Heart Disease, Study Finds
Investigators in Spain randomized 7447 people at high risk for cardiovascular disease to one of three diets: a Mediterranean diet supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil, a Mediterranean diet supplemented with nuts, or a control diet for which people were advised to lower their intake of dietary fat.
FORBES: Large Trial Shows Cardiovascular Benefits Of Mediterranean Diet
Its accusation has echoes of Sakhalin-2, the massive oil and gas project that the Russian government wrested control of from Shell late last year. (See: "Russia Shows Sakhalin Partners Who The Boss Is") Though this time there may well have been some environmental violations by the project members, Kazakhstan's real gripe with Eni has been the project's string of delays.
Its accusation has echoes of Sakhalin-2, the massive oil and gas project that the Russian government wrested control of from Shell late last year. (See: "Russia Shows Sakhalin Partners Who The Boss Is") Though this time there may well have been some environmental violations by the project members, Kazakhstan's real gripe with Eni (nyse: E - news - people ) has been the project's string of delays.
That change, called the Maximum Achievable Control Technology, or MACT, rule requires that coal- and oil-fired power plants reduce pollutant emission rates significantly.
Chalabi said the Coalition Provisional Authority is unhappy with his demands for Iraq's provisional government to be given full control of the Iraqi army after the June 30 handover and for control of the investigation of fraud in the U.N. oil-for-food program.
Their lawsuit is a legitimate threat against a mighty oil company that mistakenly bought a multi-billion dollar liability because company executives believed they could control the end result.
This can only come about through measures that will help the development of a non-oil economy and so improve the living standards of Nigerians and sedate the desire to control oil revenues.
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