Velcade targeted an obscure complex of enzymes, called the proteasome, which acts as a kind of cellular maid.
The material was then treated with a series of enzymes and centrifuged until cells, known as adipose-derived stromal cells, remained.
LDP-341 owes its apparent success to a new tack on stopping the disease: It inhibits a class of enzymes called proteosomes.
Much attention is being lavished on two classes of enzymes inside hepatitis C that are crucial for its replication: polymerase and protease.
Pretty soon, the hunt for extraterrestrial life, the development of self-driving cars, and the folding of enzymes into novel proteins were being done this way.
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To liberate the hydrogen, Virginia Tech scientists separated a number of enzymes from their native microorganisms to create a customized enzyme cocktail that does not occur in nature.
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Transcriptors substitute DNA for semiconductors and RNA for the electrons in traditional transistors -- essentially, the transcriptor controls the flow of a specific RNA protein along a DNA strand using tailored combinations of enzymes.
This, on a scale of 60 trillionths of an inch wide, is where the chase is up and down the corridors of chromosomes, in among the proteins, at the cutting edge of enzymes and at the spot where the cut goes wrong.
Other patents deal with the isolation of enzymes important for industrial processes, the isolation of cellular compounds that guarantee unique properties (such as resistance to extreme pressure and salinity) and the discovery of mechanisms ensuring resistance to extreme temperatures and toxicity, these extreme properties being of interest for both biomedical and industrial applications.
The FDA will no longer recommend routine and periodic monitoring of liver enzymes of patients taking statins.
They contain dozens of modular enzymes, each of which assembles one component of the polyketide and then passes it on to the next team enzyme.
Moreover, most children have lower levels of detoxifying enzymes than adults, making the majority of kids more susceptible to the toxic effects of these chemicals.
All of these enzymes give drugmakers new targets for medications and supplements aimed at boosting levels of catalase, MSR A and B, and tyrosinase.
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One of the enzymes, a proton pump, was abundant in the roots, the part of the worm that penetrates the bone.
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One is it increases the proportion of the nutrients in the food that can be digested, and it does that basically by opening them up to be accessible to enzymes, it denatures proteins for instances, unraveling them and exposing them to the action of snipping enzymes.
Many drugs and especially alcohol are common causes of elevation of liver enzymes called aminotransferases.
Arber shared the 1978 Nobel Prize for his discovery of restriction enzymes, catalyzing proteins that can cut DNA at precise points.
The idea of engineering enzymes to make octanol was what first brought Codexis, a small biotechnology firm based in Redwood City, California, into the field.
Merck also announced it had canceled a mid-stage study of its migraine drug telcagepant, viewed as promising, because of elevated levels of liver enzymes in study participants.
Elevations of liver enzymes, a possible warning sign, have been noted in some patients, but Lehman analysts quote Schering's management as insisting that these were reversible and didn't cause any symptoms.
People with Sanfilippo syndrome, named for the pediatrician who investigated the disease in the 1960s, are missing or have insufficient amounts of one of four enzymes needed to break down sugar molecules.
AGI-1067 increased levels of two liver enzymes in eight patients, twice as many as in the placebo group, and there was one case of liver failure on the drug, compared with none for the placebo.
Claire Halpin, of Dundee University in Scotland, and her colleagues have been looking into the question of environmental interactions using hybrid poplars that contain antisense versions of two other genes for enzymes involved in the production of lignin.
Ten of the 29 patients in the study had at least one elevation in liver enzymes greater than or equal to three times the upper limit of normal, including four patients who experienced liver enzymes greater than or equal to five times the upper limit of normal.
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In search of a replacement, the industry is turning to a new breed of superbugs and enzymes.
That creates a giant library of genetic material that could bring a bonanza of new industrial enzymes, new biotech crops and, eventually, new cures.
The team led by Dan Gibson and Craig Venter have exploited the ability of yeast to join together small pieces of DNA using enzymes.
He ran Genencor --which produces a variety of mostly industrial enzymes--from late 2002 until it was bought by Danish food ingredient group Danisco in February this year.
Instead, differences in composition between warm-water and cold-water ion channels were the result of a phenomenon called RNA editing, in which special enzymes alter the structure of the RNA messenger, and thus of the final protein.
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