Even Dolly the sheep, who was produced by cloning via somatic nuclear cell transfer, benefited from a male imprinted genome.
Instead, they want to use somatic cell nuclear transfer, the same process used to clone Dolly the sheep in 1997, to create embryonic stem cells.
If I understand the tetraploid complementation technique utilized in these experiments correctly, then, scientists would no longer need to generate embryos via somatic cell nuclear transfer (cloning).
FORBES: The Line Between Embryonic And Pluripotent Stem Cell Research Is Blurring
The problem is that making them using somatic-cell nuclear transfer involves breaking up viable embryos, since the cells in question are found inside early-stage embryos, called blastocysts.
"Somatic cell nuclear transfer does not relate to cloning, and the people who call it therapeutic cloning are creating a lot of confusion, because it is not cloning at all, and it certainly is not reproductive cloning, " Specter said.
Instead of generating embryonic stem cell lines via nuclear transfer, Hwang's group produced the stem cells from days-old embryos, a technique that had already been established by James Thomson at University of Wisconsin in 1998.
In 2001, a gaur nicknamed Noah, a Southeast Asian threatened ox, was successfully created in the womb of Bessie, a cow, by scientists using a nuclear transfer process at Advanced Cell Technology in Massachusetts.
Because the nuclear genes in a cybrid are the same in each cell, any differences between mitochondria cannot be due to the nuclear contribution to their electron-transport chains.
They managed to extract the type of DNA found in the nuclei of cells (nuclear DNA) and genetic material from the cell's "powerhouses" - known as mitochondria.
Perhaps the most interesting part of this design is its dual-mode power system, which consists of the standard solar cell array as well as a nuclear power source, allowing the rover to operate continuously and in areas that go long periods without sunlight.
ENGADGET: Chinese engineers reveal nuclear-powered lunar rover
"Nuclear transfer is really about the ability to take an adult cell and basically reprogram it so that you can grow an embryo from it, " Earp says.
Only last year, she said, Egli and Paull and their colleagues demonstrated that the nuclear transfer of eggs cells could generate patient-specific stem cell lines for potential cell replacement therapy to treat diseases like diabetes.
FORBES: Nuclear Transfer Breakthrough Offers A Way To Prevent Mitochondrial Disorders
Nuclear-pore complexes are elaborate protein scaffolds that sit in the membrane around a cell's nucleus.
Geron , the stem-cell company he founded before moving to ACT, has often talked of nuclear transfer as a way of figuring out how to make stem cells.
Geron (nadsaq: GERN - news - people ), the stem-cell company he founded before moving to ACT, has often talked of nuclear transfer as a way of figuring out how to make stem cells.
Radiation, which turns our cells against themselves, which recodes our very DNA. Radiation, which lives in our cell phones and microwaves and vegetables, which collects in glowing puddles of nuclear waste as the world settles into a crater-filled desert in the aftermath of the coming apocalypse.
应用推荐