Started in 1990, the program requires carmakers to earn a certain number of credits, based on their market share, from selling low-emission and no-emission vehicles, or face penalties that can include being barred from selling in California.

FORBES: Hot Air

This will most likely entail increasing the corn ethanol mix in petroleum, running up food costs, depleting water supplies, and causing environmental land damage while affording no net CO2 emission reduction.

FORBES: Cap-and-Trade Fantasies In Disneyland

Just as Luther criticised indulgences, critics of offsetting argue that the ability to buy retrospective forgiveness for sins of emission is no substitute for not sinning in the first place.

ECONOMIST: Carbon offsets

There are, however, no interference problems with field-emission X-ray sources, so these can be used to take high-resolution pictures while treatment is proceeding.

ECONOMIST: Modern X-ray technology

This combination of assured single-photon emission at high rates driven by power no different from a battery, Dr Hoefling said, brings QKD much closer to commercial application.

BBC: Quantum key distribution with single photons

It has no disk drives, cutting down on space and heat emission.

FORBES: Magazine Article

On the environmental front, Guro Fjellanger, a Liberal lady now in ministerial charge, is to find ways of ensuring that Norwegians gobble up less domestic energy, or at least consume no more than before, in order to cut the emission of greenhouse gases.

ECONOMIST: Norway

His mission: to create the world's first zero-emission, hydrogen-based economy--and to pull it off through no-nonsense business principles, not tree-hugging wishful thinking.

FORBES: Mister Natural

Under a cap-and-trade system, a regulatory body allocates CO2 emission allowances to companies, typically by way of auction, but sometimes for no cost.

FORBES: The Climate Change Trap