The outputs might be numbers represent complex data structures: images, sounds, network packets, etc.
What this means for you and me is that our electronics become increasingly more powerful and efficient, with faster processing speeds that allow us to check all network packets at gigabit speeds.
Text, voice, and data will begin life as packets, travel through the network as packets, and arrive on customer devices as packets.
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The Internet, by contrast, is a connectionless network designed for routing packets of data.
Instead of firewalls and virus checkers, the company pitches a network that monitors individual data packets, shuts off rogue computers and isolates questionable users.
Detectors that survive for two days without matching any packets on the network are deemed to be different enough from legitimate strings to be likely to match only foreign invaders.
This makes it possible for two machines to communicate simply by lobbing appropriately addressed packets on to the network, like sending postcards.
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But video poses real challenges, as it consumes considerably more bandwidth than both voice and data, and video quality degrades substantially, often unacceptably, when network congestion interrupts or delays individual packets in traffic streams.
Ken Silva, the security chief at VeriSign, which runs big chunks of the internet's domain-name system, advocates defences at the core of the network to tackle malicious data-packets before they reach their target.
Three years after sending those first packets of data, the network created by Metcalfe and Boggs had 100 machines on it.
That means the gear that runs the network has to know to send those packets to the head of the line, while other packets have to wait their turn.
One of the big advantages for Google is better traffic management this new approach basically ensures that every lane on its global network of data highways is smoothly moving packets toward their destinations.
Over the last 20 years, Cisco has come to dominate the business of routers and switches--the specialized computers that shuttle packets of data around a network, and form the backbone of the Internet--and about two thirds of its revenue comes from sales of those devices.
The devil is in the details, which is why smart silicon is required to address this challenge, performing tasks like packet inspection, or looking into those packets as they move throughout the network and making decisions about what to do with them and which ones to prioritize.
Skype's so-called peer-to-peer technique involves the trick of distributing data packets to relatively precise ports on the network.
AirTight's server sends out what the company calls marker packets that identify radios actively connected to the network.
Once the information packets have made it past the NGFWs, additional technologies available on the network and client devices continue to do the job of protecting the network and client devices from malware as well.
However, VOIP differs from the usual phone services in that it sends calls as digital packets of information over data networks rather than relying on a dedicated circuit-switched network.
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