Scientists have known for a long time that aerosols cool climate by reflecting sunlight and making clouds brighter, but the new study is the first to use a global model to estimate the net effects on plant carbon intake resulting from this type of atmospheric pollution.

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And therefore, although the gross investment made may be tens of millions for this plant, the net capital addition is much less.

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Ma-Kalambay bounded off his line but failed to make contact with the ball as Smith arrived on cue to plant a firm header into the net from 12 yards and hand Orient a shock lead.

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Friedel, starting his first cup tie of the season in place of his usual understudy Brad Guzan, could not reach Ambrose's corner and the Austrian midfielder rose to plant his header in the back of the net.

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However, he added that as there were no large-scale biorefineries in operation, the team did have to estimate how much bioethanol such a plant would be able to produce in order to calculate the net energy gain.

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In theory biofuels produce low net emissions of carbon dioxide, since burning them merely recycles atmospheric carbon absorbed by the plant as it was growing.

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The Liberal Democrat MSP said that initially the power station was to have 400 megawatt of its gross output (300 megawatt net) processed through carbon capture and storage technology, which would leave 75% to 80% of the plant' s CO2 emissions unabated for an indeterminate length of time.

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