But since its inception in 1991 the fund has averaged a 13% annual return, net of its 1% management fee and 20% commission on profits.

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Bernabe said he respects the concept of net neutrality, but added that operators should be able to charge a fee eto ensure high quality of service.

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However, the fund charges an annual management fee o.5% of Net Share Value payable monthly in order to provide the sophisticated security and wallet management that one would expect with such large amounts at stake.

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As a result, Mr Parry finds, the net benefits of a road-specific peak-period fee (the gain of less congestion minus the cost of disrupted travel) would be about three times bigger than a petrol-tax increase calculated to curb congestion by the same amount.

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Since these indices are net of fees and the fees are so high (typically a 1% management fee and 20% of all profits), reducing them would gee up their performance.

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Coming off of a tough year in 2010, this hedge fund manager introduced a new, leaner management fee of just 1.5% in 2011 and produced net returns of 9% in what would prove to be his final year in the hedge fund business.

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These include charging western users a small fee for sending a certain number of e-mails over the net.

BBC: Developing nations want better net access

For example, for World of Warcraft, personal users have to pay subscription fee to Blizzard to connect to the battle net.

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The high fees associated with the variable annuity reduce the net rate of return received by participants in the Plan, but also enable Nationwide to pay NACo the endorsement fee.

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