They applied it to the destruction of Hiroshima and Nagasaki which ended World War II.
Many western visitors to Japan sought its art indiscriminately, buying furiously at Nagasaki bazaars.
Their confinement was rigorous: the Dutch were isolated on the tiny, fan-shaped island of Dejima in Nagasaki harbour.
And I have come to stand in solidarity with the citizens of Nagasaki.
On return the lucre would pay for goods destined for Lisbon and silks for the next voyage to Nagasaki.
The assassin belonged to the local Nagasaki branch of Japan's largest crime syndicate.
Three days later a second atomic bomb was dropped on Nagasaki, and Japan surrendered unconditionally six days after that.
The plutonium bomb was dropped on Nagasaki on August 9th 1945, three days after a uranium bomb had destroyed Hiroshima.
They were then marched for 30 days to Nagasaki, a distance of nearly 500 miles, in the coldest part of winter.
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Japan agreed to surrender on August 15, 1945, after U.S. planes dropped atomic bombs on the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
"You feel as if everyone in Japan feels ashamed of you, " former Olympic swimmer Hiroko Nagasaki commented on a Fuji TV broadcast.
The ceremony was also attended by a grandson of former US President Harry Truman, who ordered the bombing of Hiroshima and then Nagasaki.
The site produced plutonium for the bomb dropped on the Japanese city Nagasaki and continued producing plutonium for the US nuclear arsenal for years.
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It hastened the end of World War II, which concluded within a week after the dropping of a plutonium-based bomb on Nagasaki on Aug. 9.
The U.S. atomic bombs dropped on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945 each generated explosions of more than 15 kilotons of TNT.
The atom bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki changed all that.
The day after my visit, a major typhoon was set to hit Nagasaki (tours are suspended in bad weather), likely to damage the structures even more.
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Mr Frank does a masterly job of documenting the impact that American bombing, prior to Hiroshima and Nagasaki, had on Japan's industrial capacity and civilian morale.
President Harry Truman authorized the devastation of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
This week's defeat of the DPJ's candidate for governor of Nagasaki was an indictment of Mr Hatoyama and of Mr Ozawa, both of whom have been immersed in financial scandals.
The material that went into Fat Man, the plutonium bomb detonated over Nagasaki, was made at Hanford, which at its peak consisted of nine nuclear reactors and five plutonium reprocessing plants.
What did not happen as a result of the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki was the massive Allied (largely American) invasion of the Japanese home islands that was being actively planned.
It is destined for Japan's fifth Aegis-class destroyer, now under construction in Nagasaki by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, maker of the World War II Zero fighter and still Japan's largest weapons producer.
It is set for Japan's fifth Aegis-class destroyer, now under construction in Nagasaki by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, maker of the World War II Zero fighter and still Japan's top weapons producer.
They were not so sure about the more complex "Fat Man" plutonium bomb, so they tested it in the desert of Alamogordo, New Mexico, before dropping one on Nagasaki on Aug. 9.
Indeed, less than a month after the Trinity test, the United States dropped two atomic bombs on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, killing more than 100, 000 people and forcing Japan to surrender.
As a city, Nagasaki has a remarkable history (it was the only place in Japan open to foreigners for over 200 years), and the boat trip is surprisingly attractive, past a hypermodern cruise ship terminal and countless inlets filled with shipyards, all cradled between mountains.
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