German municipalities and lands (their States) are also in the risk zone, now.
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Its customers include chemical processors, plastics fabricators, construction contractors, municipalities and supply warehouses.
Despite layoffs and service cuts, these municipalities and school districts say they face insolvency within five years.
Bond insurers use their top credit ratings to insure bonds issued by municipalities and others against default.
He is general manager of Seddon Atkinson, which makes vehicles for municipalities and utilities, such as dustbin lorries.
Auction rate securities are a form of bond issued by a variety of sources, including municipalities and student lenders.
The State Grid Corporation of China covers 25 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions, while the China Southern Power Grid Co.
The possibility of offsets has been clear from the beginning of the program, and BABs remain very popular among municipalities and investors.
It was eventually accomplished by farmers' co-operatives, municipalities and public utilities backed by federal loans whose default rate was less than 1%.
The problem of waste disposal, which torments and troubles the municipalities and administrations of the major cities of the world, will vanish by overnight.
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Many investors have avoided munis since late 2010 and early 2011, after dire predictions of mass defaults by municipalities and states led to panic selling.
On the other hand, Kansas City is a classic example of suburban sprawl, with businesses and neighborhoods spread throughout multiple municipalities and two states.
In a country that still sends over half its waste to landfill, municipalities and businesses are desperate to find other ways of disposing of their rubbish.
Several countries will also organize a national exercise on the same day or at a later date, involving in some cases local municipalities and decision makers, civil protection and emergency units.
In mature economies, infrastructure assets, like airports and toll roads, can provide an important additional source of financing for countries, states and municipalities and at the same time important investment opportunities for pension funds and other sources of capital.
With municipalities and issuers of infrastructure bonds including schools districts, hospitals and sewage and garbage collection authorities facing diminished tax and revenue receipts and inevitable downgrades, the risks they pose to guarantors could shut them out from low interest rate borrowings.
Worse, the commission's proposal is that it would not only give Brussels power to close parts of the market, but also allow national governments, municipalities and other bodies to shut out some foreign bidders (though only with explicit support from the commission).
In a forthcoming article for Urban Affairs Review, a trio of researchers took survey data on local policies from nearly 300 California municipalities and ran it against foreclosure figures, a decade later. (You can find an earlier version of the paper here (PDF).) Cities that implemented slow growth or anti-growth policies in the late 1990s saw significantly fewer foreclosures between 2008 and 2009, the torrential center of the housing crisis.
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In the US, it is taken for granted that states and municipalities can and do go bust.
But financial stresses on states and municipalities have soared, and potential defaults threaten Travelers.
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Everyone knows by now that states and municipalities, New York and California for example, are destined to run multibillion-dollar deficits for years to come.
However, it can't be done without the support of the schools, municipalities, and local and state government.
Who else, it asks, will make long-term loans to municipalities (and goad them to privatise services) or help restructure industries such as mining and railways?
But perhaps most worrisome, a fair amount of dump capacity is still in the hands of municipalities, and many of them desperately need the revenue they get from disposal fees.
They have driven our states and municipalities to the edge of bankruptcy and have damaged public school performance and student prospects in a time of heated global competition for smart industries and educated workers.
The 537 Sparkassen (savings banks), mainly owned by municipalities, and the 12 Landesbanken, regional banks owned by state governments and savings-banks associations, account for 39% of domestic retail and corporate deposits and 35% of bank lending.
On the other side is a concerted effort by New York City and other municipalities such as Detroit and Pittsburgh to attract tech startups by helping encourage the creation of seed capital funds and mentorship programs.
The Ministry of Education issued a decree establishing an official seal of approval and two types of certificate to be awarded to states and municipalities who succeed in providing good and effective basic education, including youth and adult literacy programmes.
States and municipalities were ceded more control over health and education, along with a chunk of federal tax revenues to pay for them.
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The debt of state and municipalities has doubled in the past 7 years and it amounts to 3% of GDP.
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