Ms. Leddy, a Council on Foreign Relations-Hitachi Ltd. international affairs fellow at the National Institute for Defense Studies in Japan, was director for counterproliferation strategy at the U.S. National Security Council from 2006 to 2007.

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Working in a garment factory had seemed like the best route to escape rural poverty, said Ms. Begum, who worked for three years at New Wave Style Ltd.

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Ms. Siegel says she recommended the restriction because similar steps by conglomerate Tyco International Ltd.

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