Ebb and Flow (which were named in a contest by elementary school students) have been circling the Moon since January 1st, developing a detailed gravitational map of the Moon.

FORBES: NASA Prepares To Crash Its Probes Into The Moon

Scientists will then be able to use those measurements to produce a gravitational map of the Moon, just like GRACE did for the Earth.

FORBES: NASA's GRAIL Mission Will Unlock Secrets Of The Moon's Interior

The discovery of ice is sure to overshadow the many other things Lunar Prospector will achieve (such as the first complete map of the moon's gravity, also announced this week).

ECONOMIST: At least lunar gold-diggers will be able to take a shower

The goal of the project is to develop a detailed gravitational map of the Moon, which can then be compared to topographical maps on the Moon to build a picture of what the inside of the Moon is like.

FORBES: NASA's GRAIL Mission Will Unlock Secrets Of The Moon's Interior

The moon, with automated probes dedicated to map every single inch of its surface, is probably less mysterious.

FORBES: Branding on the Moon: Marketing in The Middle East

Although the moon's topography has already been comprehensively charted, these other kinds of map exist only for a narrow belt around the equator, amounting to just a quarter of the moon's surface.

ECONOMIST: Divining water

Flying in formation, they could map the gravitational field of an asteroid or moon by monitoring tiny changes in their relative positions.

ECONOMIST: Picosatellites

This will map for the first time iron, magnesium, aluminium and silicon over the moon's entire surface.

ECONOMIST: Astronomy