But gene-based health care is here and now in another form: molecular diagnostics.

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Instead of using topical treatments, which eventually wear off, the chemicals in nanotechnology actually form a molecular bond with the fabric.

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Stars form most easily from molecular hydrogen, but for the first few million years, most hydrogen would have been ionised into protons and electrons.

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The protease works as a molecular scissors to cut out proteins that then form new viral particles.

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For instance, Gleevec is also effective in a certain form of stomach cancer if a particular molecular marker is present.

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That shift rips protons from the molecular chains of Dr Kiser's jelly-like solid, leaving exposed negative charges primed to form bonds with water molecules.

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