Since few black applicants had high test scores, the admissions definition of merit again had to be turned upside down.

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The test purchase to see if there is any merit to this tablet thing.

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Perhaps the boldest attack on merit standards is the contention that it's discriminatory to test for more than minimal competence.

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Policymakers have pushed mostly carrot-and-stick remedies: firing underperforming teachers, giving merit pay to high performers, penalizing schools with poor student test scores.

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This kind of financial aid is called academic merit aid, and few colleges offer it based just on grades and test scores alone.

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Take, for example, the semiconductor market: Here you have a market that has created employment sectors on its own merit, but has also created support markets in software, fabrication equipment, assembly, packaging, test and chemicals, etc.

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Through Game Design, its newest merit badge, the Boy Scouts of America is opening the door for Scouts to put their creativity to the test.

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