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Several studies have linked the Mediterranean diet with a reduced risk of heart disease.
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Scientists observed that people who adhered to a Mediterranean diet had a lower risk of heart disease, even in the face of having other cardiovascular risk factors.
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Scarmeas' previous research has shown that the Mediterranean diet may reduce the risk of Alzheimer's disease.
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Investigators in Spain randomized 7447 people at high risk for cardiovascular disease to one of three diets: a Mediterranean diet supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil, a Mediterranean diet supplemented with nuts, or a control diet for which people were advised to lower their intake of dietary fat.
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Previous studies have linked Mediterranean diets to fewer heart attacks and deaths from heart disease, but most of those have correlated people's recall of their diet with heart-disease outcomes rather than randomly assigning participants to eat specific diets and then following them for heart-disease risk, as Estruch and his colleagues did.
CNN: Mediterranean diet lowers risk of heart attack, stroke
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Compared with those eating the low-fat diet, the extra-virgin-olive-oil group showed a 30% lower risk of having a heart attack, stroke or dying of heart disease after five years, while those consuming the Mediterranean diet with more nuts showed a 28% lower risk of these outcomes.
CNN: Mediterranean diet lowers risk of heart attack, stroke
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In addition to being heart-healthy, research suggests the olive oil-rich Mediterranean diet may also protect against age-related dementia, Alzheimer's disease and certain types of cancer.
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At the end of the study, 3.8% of the Mediterranean-diet-plus-olive-oil and 3.4% of the Mediterranean-diet-plus-nuts groups suffered a heart attack, stroke or death from cardiovascular disease.
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Researchers, for example, recently showed for the first time that a Mediterranean diet can have as powerful an effect as drugs in preventing heart attacks, strokes and deaths from cardiovascular disease in subjects at high risk of heart disease.
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