Treviso replied through a Brendan Williams breakaway try and three penalties from fly-half Andrea Marcato.
Marcato is in for suspended full-back Andrea Masi, while lock Bortolami replaces Tommaso Reato.
Marcato sent over the extras as the Stadio Flaminio crowd sensed a first 2008 Six Nations victory.
After a penalty apiece, Marcato struck at the death but Scotland avoided the Wooden Spoon on points difference.
The Azzurri welcome back Andrea Marcato and Marco Bortolami, both of whom missed the Irish defeat through injury.
Italy went ahead through the boot of Marcato with 10 minutes remaining after Scotland had been penalised for offside.
Three minutes later Hook replied, only for Marcato to again bring his side within striking distance with his third penalty.
Marcato missed the penalty but made no mistake with a conversion five minutes later after Italy's first try of the game.
Italy finished the stronger and worked Marcato into drop-goal position to seal the match with virtually the last kick of the game.
Fly-half James Hook converted Wyn Jones' and Thomas' tries, while Treviso belatedly got on the scoreboard through a 30th-minute penalty from Hook's opposite number Andrea Marcato.
Yachvili drilled the easy penalty between the posts and a further penalty apiece from Marcato and Yachvili meant it was 13-6 to France at the break.
Marcato succeeded where Yachvili had just failed, slotting the conversion to make it 18-13, and with quarter of the game to play the visitors were right back in it.
After Marcato added his third penalty De Jager went over straight from the restart and the successful conversion meant Leicester only led 17-16 with half an hour to play.
Italy also failed to take their first chance, Andrea Marcato missing a penalty for the visitors, and they shipped a second try after 18 minutes following a second Mauro Bergamasco error.
Italy full-back Andrea Marcato pushed an early penalty wide for the hosts before Johne Murphy sliced through in midfield, with Flood on hand to take the scoring pass and add the conversion.
Marcato managed to get the hosts on the board with a brace of penalties either side of Leicester's third try, Flood crossing from Dan Hipkiss's inside pass near the right hand corner.
The visitors finally managed to get on the board late in the first half with two penalties from McLean, on for battered fly-half Marcato, either side of a Goode penalty for the hosts.
Marcato converted the 34th-minute try and brought his side back to within six points of the visitors with a penalty four minutes after the break when the Ospreys were penalised at a scrum.
Mallett once again faced questions about his team selection following his decision to play Andrea Marcato - nominally a fly-half - at full-back and Luke McLean - nominally a full-back - at fly-half.
Marcato levelled the score with another effort from distance but in half-time injury time Blair rounded off a fine first period when he picked up a loose ball in midfield to dive under the posts unchallenged.
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