While it means fewer overt layers of management, people face an exhausting number of daily meetings.
When Elop arrived at Nokia, 11 layers of management separated him from an individual engineer.
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It took an outsider, Lou Gerstner, to unravel six layers of management and put IBM back together.
Even after such companies develop a few layers of management, the CEOs often continue to cast long shadows.
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Since taking charge in 1995, Mr Swanepoel has cut Harmony's hierarchy from roughly 20 layers of management to five.
He believed in layers of management and many meetings that often kept Motorola from responding quickly to dynamic market circumstances.
To get at the real picture, CEOs need to cut through several layers of management, talk to mid-level managers, and audit their companies' safety procedures.
Other ways of saving money may include reducing layers of management, staff working from home more and selling off some of the 300 council-owned buildings.
Layers of management have been removed, doctors and nurses are now in charge of their own departments and efficiency savings are being made, the company said.
This means that WhiteHat has created different layers of management.
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Schmidt realized this company loves to talk it out, jettisoning hierarchy, business silos and layers of management for a flatter, "networked" structure where the guy with the best data wins.
But many employees feel it is easier to grow in their careers without layers of management, says Chris Wanstrath, the CEO of San Francisco collaboration-software company GitHub, who insists his title is nominal.
He said the top three factors to improving front-line services while delivering savings are to strip out duplicated layers of management, reduce debt repayments to the banks and drive down accommodation costs and overhead.
"Crispin Blunt and I have already started the process of greatly reducing the number of targets, " he said, adding he was also taking out "layers of management" in Noms to make it more efficient.
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When Goldman Sachs went public two decades later, it devoted several pages of its initial annual report to the many layers of risk management put in place.
Management silos are where innovation dissolves in layers of hierarchy.
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