Learning is derived from experiments, which is one of the most important things.

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How many organizations encourage learning by continually doing small experiments?

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We also found that innovation organizations understand that failures are a necessity (in as much as 90% of the time) so long as the learning comes from small risk experiments.

FORBES: Creating An Innovation Culture: Accepting Failure is Necessary

Short-term goals: These ought to be a series of frugal experiments that generate learning the start-up can use to adjust what it does on the way to its long-term goal.

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But it is just one of many experiments in non-standardized learning including Khan Academy and Codeacademy.

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These experiments are proving integral in learning not only what makes people tick, but also how that matters for business.

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Most important, it is hard for experiments to create realistic opportunities for learning and adapting.

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In earlier experiments, designed to replicate normal learning, Dr Tononi found that the part of the brain showing most slow-wave activity during sleep was the same as the part that had been activated during the experiment.

ECONOMIST: Memory formation

Bear's subsequent experiments with mice with fragile X indicate that the brain makes too much of key proteins that prevent proper learning from occurring.

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