While some of these weapon and sensor systems like the Electromagnetic Railgun or the Free Electron Laser are at least a decade away, the LaserWeapon System and Air and Missile Defense Radar systems are almost ready for prime time deployment today.
When Shepard gets up close to the Reaper, he pulls out a weapon and paints a targeting laser on it, and then the Normandy sweeps in and nails it with a massive weapon.