And, in championships, a fourth official is appointed to stand in if there is conflict of interest with a judge or referee.

BBC: Cumberland wrestling round-up

Cumberland and Westmorland Wrestling, on the other hand is a much simpler sport to referee and judge.

BBC: Cumberland wrestling round-up

Chair umpire Louise Engzell then intervened, asking the line judge what had been said, while tournament referee Brian Earley was also summoned.

BBC: Williams apologises after tirade

When referee Jonathan Kaplan asked his Scottish touch judge Peter Allan 'Is it the correct ball?

BBC: Wales 19-13 Ireland

Scottish touch judge Peter Allan cleared the move when asked by South African referee Jonathan Kaplan and the try was awarded.

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Burger was shown a yellow card by French referee Christophe Berdos, a decision taken on the advice of New Zealand touch judge Bryce Lawrence, who spotted the offence only 32 seconds into the game.

BBC: SA's Burger handed eight-week ban

Fitzgerald was able to continue after treatment, but at the time Burger escaped with only a yellow card from French referee Christophe Berdos, a decision taken on the advice of New Zealand touch judge Bryce Lawrence, who spotted the offence.

BBC: Boks coach backs down over Burger

Referee James Jones initially ruled the ball had been held up but after consulting his touch judge awarded debutant Bougharara the try.

BBC: Bourgoin 19-34 Exeter