Pope Gregory VII may have humiliated the Emperor Henry IV, as Innocent III later humiliated Philip Augustus of France and King John of England.

ECONOMIST: Medieval history

The Magna Carta, viewed by many as a precursor to the rights we now take for granted, was pried from King John of England literally at the point of a sword.

FORBES: American Political Economy Alters English Language

The inscription covers the four surviving copies of the version of Magna Carta forced on King John by the Barons of England at Runnymede in June 1215.

UNESCO: Magna Carta Awarded Memory of the World Status

An agreement between King John and the barons of England, it was seen at the time as the solution to a political crisis in medieval England.

BBC: Epping MP Eleanor Laing calls for Magna Carta holiday