It was not until World War I, when British forces were at the gates of Jerusalem, in November, 1917, that the British Foreign Secretary, Arthur Balfour, anxious for Jewish support in the war, issued his epic yet ambiguous Declaration.
Krakow's old Jewish quarter of Kazimierz survived the war and now it is the spiritual home of the country's Jewish revival.
Odessa's Jewish community grew again after the war, but only until emigration became easier in the 1980s, when the United States was once again the main destination.
In Shanghai, the Jewish community quickly rebuilt itself after the war, but the city would never be the same.
Jan was born in Slovakia to Jewish parents who fled the Nazis during World War II.
The Iraqi community was the oldest, and arguably the most successful, Jewish community in the Arab world until World War II.
One irony is that French cinema, so enriched by Jewish directors, actors and producers before the war, nonetheless flourished after their expulsion thanks to an influx of new talent.
Some of the Arab refugees who fled Palestine during the war reported fearing not only the Jewish forces, but also being branded collaborators by the mufti if they stayed.
Edelman was one of the leaders of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising, "the largest, symbolically most important Jewish uprising" against the Nazis during World War II, according to the U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum.
Ninety-four year old listener, Edith Johnstone from Penwortham told how her family took in a young Jewish refugee boy in 1939 who survived the war and the holocaust, and how he came to Lancashire.
The U.S. refused to accept Jewish refugees even as Nazi persecution rose and World War II loomed.
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And there are many splendid set-pieces, such as the farcical story of her marriage to acquire British citizenship when war was looming and she, partly Jewish, still had a German passport.
In the aftermath of the war, the British maintained their prohibition on Jewish immigration.
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After the war, Mr Edelman was one of the few Jewish Holocaust survivors who stayed in Poland.
One can certainly see the need to provide the Jewish people with a security they had not had prior to the war.
Nice thought, but again, Jewish people thrive in the United States absent our nation always being on war footing.
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Herz, the 82-year-old Vietnam protester, was an immigrant of Jewish descent and had reportedly spent time in an internment camp during World War II.
Five more pages of the Diary of Anne Frank - the Jewish girl who hid from the Nazis in an Amsterdam house during World War II - have been found by researchers in the Netherlands.
Israel has said it wants to stay out of the Syrian war, but Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has repeatedly stated the Jewish state would be prepared to take military action to prevent sophisticated weapons from flowing from Syria to Hezbollah or other extremist groups.
They formed Europe's biggest Jewish community - but most of them were wiped out in the Holocaust in World War II.
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After decades of emigration and decline, Poland's Jewish population is growing again, as children sheltered in secret by gentile families during the war rediscover their roots.
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Shot predominantly in black and white, with spot colour for a Jewish child's red coat the film's unique identifying mark it recalls the tradition of post-war Italian neo-realism and the even older photographs of Roman Vishniac of Jewish life in Poland before the Nazis.
In 1999 his first high profile work - the Jewish museum in Berlin - opened after 10 years construction, followed in 2002 by the Imperial War Museum in Manchester.
Before World War II, Poland was home to about 3.5 million Jews, the largest Jewish community in Europe.
Amos Luzzatto, president of the Union of Italian Jewish Communities, said the magistrate had shown "a loss of memory" with regard to World War II atrocities.
Among the handful of documents here from the period of World War II, a section of the archives still closed to scholars, is a 1942 letter from Jewish inmates of an Italian concentration camp, thanking Pope Pius XII for his support and gifts of clothing.
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Graff grew up on Commercial Road in London's gritty East End, where he spent his first seven years living in a single room with his Jewish Rumanian immigrant mother, behind the corner sweet shop his Russian father opened just before leaving to fight in World War II.
Rabin, who fought in Israel's 1948 war for independence, will be buried with full military honors Monday at the Mount Herzl national cemetery in Jewish west Jerusalem, where the remains of Zionist founder Theodor Herzl and former prime ministers Levi Eshkol and Golda Meir were laid to rest.
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