The origin of modern automata, though, came during the Enlightenment, inaugurated by French mechanician Jacques de Vaucanson in the 1730s.
For example, French inventor Jacques de Vaucanson developed several different types of music playing robots back in the 18th century.
This translation project is headed by a wonderful Frenchman named Jacques de Guenin, who has devoted much of his life to keeping the memory of Bastiat alive.
Epidemiologist Dr Jacques de Mouzon, who has carried out work on the costs of multiple pregnancies in France, predicts infertility treatments are the cause of 30% of all twins and 60% of all triplets born in his country.
France's ambassador to Nigeria, Jacques Champagne de Labriolle, told the BBC the artefacts' return was part of a global attempt to fight the "illegal trafficking of cultural goods".
At a service station north of the Parc de la Jacques-Cartier, biologist Rolland Lemieux is preparing for an expedition.
The first part of this route is now preserved as the Parc de la Jacques-Cartier, a national park of outstanding beauty.
Bell tried to up the ante but only succeeded in flashing at a ball from Jacques Kallis and AB de Villiers held on to a spectacular diving catch at backward point.
Before going to Aix, Gelb stopped in Basel to meet with the Swiss architects Jacques Herzog and Pierre de Meuron, best known for their conversion of the Bankside power station, in London, into the Tate Modern.
His belief that Britain can hope to achieve what it wants in the world only if American power is harnessed for benign purposes is a good deal more realistic than the Gaullist yearnings of Jacques Chirac and Dominique de Villepin: without American power and the willingness to use it, there would have been no tolerably good outcomes in Bosnia, Kosovo and Afghanistan.
Several French politicians, including President Jacques Chirac, Prime Minister Dominique de Villepin and Segolene Royal, the opposition Socialists' candidate for next year's presidential elections, have publicly appealed to Trichet to consider the euro's impact when making decisions on its monetary policy.
Jacques Kallis (72) and AB de Villiers (44) then put the tourists in charge.
"The collective reality of unemployment should not make us forget the everyday, individual distress of each unemployed person, " said Jacques Auxiette, chairman of the Pays de la Loire regional council.
They account for seven of the past ten prime ministers, including Dominique de Villepin, the current one, as well as President Jacques Chirac.
Jacques Kallis grabbed his 50th wicket against the Windies when Shane Shillingford edged to AB de Villiers at second slip.
Jacques Kallis (13) fell soon after, but man-of-the-match De Villiers and Amla compiled a brilliant match-winning stand.
In 1792, Jacques Pelletier, a highwayman, became the first person to be guillotined in France, on the Place de Greve in Paris.
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