U. may soon have to consider a far more radical long-term solution to the crisis: the introduction of dual currencies.

FORBES: To Save the Euro, Establish Dual Currencies

Jones uses eight years of data from ITG to show how this dropped significantly with the introduction of automation, spiked during the crisis of 2008, and either because of, or in spite of, the rise of HFT, has dropped by 2011 to near the pre-crisis lows.

FORBES: The HFT Empire Strikes Back! The Case That Ever Faster Markets are Good for Investors