And new rules, like the introduction of quiet coaches on trains, might help but the crucial aspect is a sense of public outrage, he argues.

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Correspondents say there have been complaints that exam rules for the Introduction to Congress class were unclear, and over the university's handling of the investigation.

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The FAI also demanded that tournament rules be not changed halfway through, and championed the introduction of video replays and goal-line assistant referees.

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Dr Fraser and the other specialists called for a standardised guidance system on assessing high risk medical devices, the introduction of rules for newer devices such as electronic medical records that are not currently scrutinised, more consistent advice on clinical testing and more information on standards and study results.

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