Researcher Dr Isaac Bogoch, who specialises in internal medicine and infectious diseases at Toronto General Hospital, told the BBC he had read about smartphone microscopes being trialled in a laboratory and decided to "recreate it in a real world setting".

BBC: Worms detected by converted iPhone microscope

Both diseases also affect internal eye cells known as retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells.

FORBES: Embryonic stem cells: can we make the blind see?

As the source of every cell, tissue and organ in the body, their medical application has the potential to repair damaged tissue, regrow internal organs and cure currently incurable diseases like cystic fibrosis, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.

CNN: You, again: Are we getting closer to cloning humans?

He is quadruple board certified, holding certification in internal medicine, emergency medicine, infectious diseases, and critical care medicine.

FORBES: Universal Health Insurance Mandates, And The Emergency Care Myth