As a way to showcase its institutional risk evaluations, RiskMetrics offers small investors a freebie service.
It is not merely about the risk to individual astronauts but rather the institutional risk to the agency.
"When the probability of default goes to zero, default is guaranteed, " observes Christopher Whalen, managing director of Institutional Risk Analytics.
Some, including Christopher Whalen, a managing director at Institutional Risk Analytics and a former staffer at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, say Citi's problems are so enormous they will require massive government intervention.
She has over 25 years of individual and institutional investment and risk management experience in the financial services industry.
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But unlike closed-end funds, if SuperUnits developed a discount to its underlying securities value, then institutional investors could arbitrage the units and profit risk-free.
While there are recent signs that some large institutional investors are warming again to high-risk real-estate funds, many of the biggest remain sour on them after suffering big write-downs.
Morgan Stanley's own website lists 20 pages of available jobs in its North American institutional securities division, including many technical and risk management posts but also positions in equity research, in derivatives and in prime brokerage.
The Fed is also concerned with other high-yielding debt, like mortgage backed REITs, as they fear individual and institutional investors will take on too many high-risk assets.
Barclays Capital is the investment banking division of Barclays that provides large corporate, institutional and government clients with solutions to their financing and risk management needs.
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If such a trend became widespread enough, the institutional demand for physical gold could spike, raising the risk of defaults that could leave some people holding worthless paper.
Since 1970 exchange-rate moves in developed markets have generally been dwarfed by asset-price shifts. (The exceptions have occurred in countries that have tried to maintain currency pegs.) Currency risk has been of such little concern to institutional investors that many do not bother to hedge it.
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Along with the quantitative and valuation analysis, they also look at: key success factors, key risk factors, the competitive landscape, insiders, institutional holdings, what type of institutions are holding the stock, and catalysts that might drive the stock up (or down).
With the start of the New Year, hedge fund and institutional investors were given a clean slate to get reinvolved in the risk-on trade.
"To the extent that booms may engender excess leverage in systemically sensitive parts of our financial system, we need to ensure that regulations and institutional structures are designed to enhance market discipline in ways that keep risk-taking under control, " the official said.
Rowe Price, which should benefit directly from the increasing risk-appetite among both the retail (individual) and institutional investors.
This risk-free arbitrage trade locked in a small profit for the institutional investor and kept the SuperUnit market price in line with its underlying value.
Increasingly, however, major institutional investors are integrating sustainability considerations into their investment decisions, especially evaluation of risk and long-term value creation of stronger sustainability performance.
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Because of the growing demand for investors seeking to understand how their portfolios will be affected and how they can reduce their risk, the new green property indexes should be well received for institutional investors.
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Institutional investors turned up their noses on hybrid bonds, hesitant to take the interest rate risk if LIBOR remained minimal.
As head of the large institutional money manager, she succeeded in the orderly world of index funds, which aim to control risk and take the guesswork out of investing.
But institutional firms like Schonfeld depend heavily on the services of Wall Street and are unlikely to want to risk damaging those ties by flinging around accusations of price collusion.
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