If matches are found, then identification of the material inside the comet would be accomplished.

BBC: Q&A: Deep Impact comet mission

In addition to taking normal images of the impact in the visible spectrum, the HRI provides an infrared "fingerprint" of the material from inside the comet's nucleus.

BBC: Q&A: Deep Impact comet mission

What's the view like from inside a nebula, or a comet's tail?

ENGADGET: Initial projects from 3net Studios include the world's first native 4K TV show

In 1995 a team led by Anita Cochran of the University of Texas at Austin used the Hubble space telescope to find what it thinks were 30 comet-sized fragments, at a distance that would put them inside the Kuiper belt.

ECONOMIST: Unbuckling the Kuiper belt