Again, the motives of the informers are mixed: grudges and envy, but also fear and blackmail.
The US maintains the documents' leak puts coalition soldiers and Afghans, especially informers, at risk.
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The East German secret police, the Stasi, spied on him, using his friends and contacts as informers.
Israel's intelligence services recruit informers to gather information about possible targets for militants and help block attacks.
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They refused to become informers and say they were raided as a result.
There has been media speculation that he leaked information which led to the unmasking of secret Israeli informers in Lebanon.
One young couple, who have refused to be identified, have told the inquiry that officers tried to bribe them into becoming informers.
According to the people they target and to Nepalese officials, informers are recruited with financial inducements or threats against their families back home.
The combined efforts of police, customs officers and informers lead to the seizure of perhaps 30% of the world's heroin and cocaine output.
The U.S. tax authorities, however, have recently introduced another far more effective means of collecting information on tax evaders: They pay informers for it.
And on the home front, a key pledge to ban the far-right NPD party has floundered after it emerged that key witnesses were long-time police informers.
To further Gaullist ambitions, he built a network of contacts, spies, informers and friends through which he ran African policy, by-passing the Quai d'Orsay, the foreign ministry.
Bicycles were a very common means of transport in rural areas and he was worried that informers, if they saw the rebels, would rapidly pedal away and alert the nearest army post.
According to Makram Mohamed Ahmed, the former editor of Al Mussawar, who witnessed the prison debates, there have been only two instances where members showed signs of returning to their former violent ways, and in both cases they were betrayed by informers in their own group.
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