In April, Bates met with Hummel, who sought to ensure not only that the two unions worked together but also that a deal would occur and that US Airways pilots, who had worked for below industry scale since a 2004 bankruptcy, would be beneficiaries.
My colleague Benjamin Zycher estimates that the industry will scale back investment in new products by 10 percent through 2020.
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These carefully designed subsidies, initially quite generous, have been reduced over time as the industry gained scale and costs were reduced.
Whether the biofuels industry can scale up to provide the 8 million barrels the Navy needs annually at a price Uncle Sam can afford is the big unknown.
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But the former head of the armed forces, Sir Jock Stirrup, told the BBC on Sunday that the aircraft carriers deal had been done for "entirely sensible" reasons - to persuade the UK's shipbuilding industry to scale down and invest in rationalisation.
That makes the industry similar in scale to the Netherlands, the 18th-most prolific oil-consuming country.
And the requirement that 30% of goods be procured from small-scale industries, what happens when the small-scale industry grows and is no longer deemed small?
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They are so confident about their work that they believe the fungus technique could lead to small-scale industry in towns across Africa, where the spores could be grown on sorghum and rice flour.
To minimize future chaos and literally keep the trains running, Kaspersky and his company are expanding their ambitions beyond mere antivirus software to build their own, extra-secure operating system just for large-scale industry.
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Among the likely winners in the fragmented and mostly small-scale fish producing industry are either suppliers to farmers or companies that can obtain economics of scale in ocean fishing.
These emerging solutions will have to prove to the industry their ability to scale over time.
We need government and industry to accelerate broad scale adoption of cloud infrastructures so we can reap the rewards of a true information based economy.
Satcon (SATC) provides inverters to the large scale utility industry.
Economics 101 tells us that this is exactly the type of industry in which the banks could gain economies of scale and create tremendous value by consolidation around open industry standards and a common technology platform.
You can credit different customs, as well as a service industry with a different wage scale.
So, as an indication of the overall scale of the industry, I think that's a fair one.
He was suspicious of firms that grew quickly, believing that there were diseconomies of scale in his industry.
In an industry showing significant economies of scale, those hit hardest will be small, entrepreneurial firms turning thinner margins.
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This latter point is where they draw my ire, especially given their scale in our industry and the many strategic alternatives.
In an industry in which economies of scale have been a big factor, size should give the bigger firm an advantage.
But manufacturers believe that as the scale of the industry increases and the technology improves, a major tipping point will come within the next decade: cost superiority.
Algae is one of the great green hopes for creating a biofuels industry that can reach the scale necessary to bring down costs and compete against fossil fuels.
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Meeting schedules and building on this sales base is critical if the company (and, by extension Japan) is going to be a player in the small scale passenger jet industry.
When it comes to the hedge fund industry, where billions of dollars are made and lost each year due in part to the accuracy of information, precise measurement and reporting on the scale of the industry itself appears frustratingly imprecise and hence unimportant.
That changed a lot when the heat of fire was used for boiling water into steam to drive industry, which became large scale and controlled by a few people with countless labourers and employees, whose smaller scale business had come to be totally outcompeted and had no choice but to accept the working conditions that suited these new tycoons.
Ocwen executives have said they believe the industry will ultimately boil down to a handful of large-scale players, since the bigger a company gets in the industry, the more its margins improve.
So every industry can benefit from web-scale compute power to accelerate turning data into information into competitive advantage.
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Perhaps the problem is that the industry has difficulty generating economies of scale.
Both companies said they will support a standard industry specification to enable broad-scale acceptance of this new high-speed technology.
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As a result, gas industry projects in Texas had to scale back, as energy producers scrambled to find sufficient water.
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