In the first paper (The Lancet), the authors studied individual patient data from 51 randomised trials of daily aspirin versus no aspirin to prevent vascular events such as heart attacks.

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They asked Roche for full clinical study reports, with study protocols, the reporting analysis plan, the statistical analysis plan and individual patient data so that all they could more fully determine what could be concluded from the studies.

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Earlier, much-publicized Dartmouth research examined high-level differences in Medicare spending across different regions of the country and concluded that more medical spending had no relationship to better outcomes, This study, looking at more detailed individual patient data over a longer period of time, reached the opposite conclusion.

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