The findings, publishedindependently by two research teams using similar data, are in the medical journals Circulation: Journal of the American Heart Association and Journal of the American College of Cardiology.
None were published in reputable peer-reviewed journals and when independently assessed, they were invariably exposed as being misleading and inaccurate.
Data for the report was independently compiled by the London-based metals consultancy Thomson Reuters GFMS. The survey has been published by the Silver Institute annually since 1990.
The Northern Ireland Peace Monitoring Report, independently funded and supported by the Joseph Rowntree Charitable Trust and the Joseph Rowntree Foundation, has been published by the Community Relations Council.