The Independent System Operator that coordinates the grid and schedules power will have to be able to accommodate thousands of megawatts of wind.

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California's main power grid manager, the Independent System Operator, reported that turbines spinning within the ISO grid produced a record of 4, 196 megawatts Sunday.

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The New York Independent System Operator has defined short-term energy storage devices like flywheels and batteries as frequency regulators, allowing them to participate in regulated markets.

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In northern California alone, the current power deficit averages 2, 000 to 3, 000 megawatts per hour, according to the California Independent System Operator, the agency set up to monitor the state's power grid.

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In August, the New England Independent System Operator (ISO-NE) asked the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) to penalize businesses and other ratepayers for producing clean electricity during periods of peak demand or high congestion.

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Gordon Brown, operations manager of California Independent System Operator, the state agency that oversees the power grid, told CNN Thursday night that the declaration triggered contingency plans to stop pumping water for two hours, during the state's critical power usage hour between 5:30 p.m. and 6:30 p.m.

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In the 11-state Midwest Independent Transmission System Operator grid, coal-plant utilization has fallen to 45 to 55 percent from 70 to 80 percent in 2010-11, according to RBN, a Houston-based energy market-research firm.

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Complaints coming from the California Independent System Operation (CAISO) and the Midwest Independent Transmission Operator (MISO) sparked an investigation into how JPMorgan was potentially gaming the system to its own benefit.

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