After 28 days, glucose levels returned to normal in diabetic mice that received the VEGF implants through the intestine.
They found that, in comparison with normal mice, their nerves were far less likely to recover following injury - suggesting that c-Jun is a major regulator of the axonal response.
As a result, tumours in mice that were fed the extract - dimethyl fumarate (DMF) - were significantly smaller than those in mice given a normal diet.
Mice in both the normal and warm environments responded similarly, suggesting that the gas is directly responsible.
ECONOMIST: Researchers find hydrogen sulphide can lower metabolism
"Germ-free" mice, born without the bugs and protected from their arrival, have shown a number of effects distinct from mice born in the normal way.
Results of an animal study published by Ohio State University researcher Qinghua Sun in late 2010 revealed that early exposure to fine particulates led to the accumulation of abdominal fat and insulin resistance in mice even if they ate a normal diet.
FORBES: Two New Reasons to Worry about Air Pollution: Obesity and Diabetes
Like normal males, the mutant mice urinated in various spots around their cage (unlike females, who create a single latrine).
The mice were compared with normal males in tests of masculinity.
They found that in allergic mice the dendritic cells are much longer lasting than normal, which over-stimulates the immune system.
They also showed that injecting normal mice with extra ghrelin increased the number of synapses in the hippocampus - and improved the animals' performance in several learning and memory tests.
They found that the peptide was overly abundant in the mutant mice, and that its expression was usually repressed by the normal version of MeCP2.
ECONOMIST: Neuroscience (1): Calm the anxiety, help the child | The
Ryuzo Yanagimachi, a biologist at the University of Hawaii, found that when he cloned a certain strain of mice prone to have diabetes, the clones would look normal at birth, but upon reaching puberty -- which, in mice, is after eight weeks -- they gained weight.
In the end, all of the mice exposed to air pollution, including those fed a normal diet, had increased abdominal and subcutaneous (under the skin) fat.
FORBES: Two New Reasons to Worry about Air Pollution: Obesity and Diabetes
Mice bred in sterile environments without these "gut flora" were seen to be more adventurous and less anxious than mice with normal gut flora.
应用推荐